「不孕症」影响全球1/6成年人，生育力为何逐渐下降？
<p style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;margin-bottom: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">生育与否、生育早晚，每个人都有自己的自由和选择。但对于全球1/6的人来说，“为人父母”的选择却显得异常艰难。</p><p style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;margin-bottom: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;">世界卫生组织（WHO）近日发表的一份报告显示，约17.5%的成年人口（全球约六分之一）一生中经历过不孕不育。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;"><br><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></p><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;margin-bottom: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果希望孕育一个健康的生命，该如何护好“生育力”？结合研究和专家观点，为面临不孕困扰的人解惑。</section><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 16px;visibility: visible;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding-right: 1em;padding-left: 1em;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;text-align: center;visibility: visible;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span title="" style="padding: 0.3em 0.5em;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;border-radius: 0.5em;background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 17px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;visibility: visible;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">受访专家</strong></p></span></section></section><section style="margin-top: -1em;padding: 20px 10px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);text-align: center;visibility: visible;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: justify;font-size: 17px;visibility: visible;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">北京协和医院泌尿外科主任医师 李宏军</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院产科主任医师 丁 新</span></strong></section><section style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"></span></strong></section></section></section></section><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></section><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">本文作者 | 生命时报记者 张健</span></section><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 14px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(20deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin: -2px 0% -12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 4px;height: 22px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 14px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(20deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin: -2px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 4px;height: 22px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;background-color: rgba(71, 193, 168, 0.07);margin-top: 3px;margin-left: -20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 20px;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);padding-right: 22px;padding-left: 22px;line-height: 2;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">全球约1/6成年人不孕</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">4月3日，世界卫生组织发布的《不孕症患病率估计（1990-2021）》报告估计，在全球范围内，约17.5%的成年人（约1/6人口）受到不孕症的影响，且有增加的趋势，不孕症已成为一个重要的公共卫生问题。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="text-align: center;font-size: 16px;"><br></span></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;"><br><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">不孕症是一种男性或女性生殖系统疾病，指一年以上未采取任何避孕措施，性生活正常而没有成功妊娠/生育。</span></strong></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 4px;border-radius: 0px 10px 10px 0px;border-style: none none none solid;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62) rgb(62, 62, 62) rgb(62, 62, 62) rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);padding: 15px 20px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 17px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.6;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">报告显示，全球不同区域之间，不孕症患病率存在一定差异。<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">终生患病率最高</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">的为西太平洋地区（23.2%），其次是美洲地区（20%）和欧洲地区（16.5%），而地中海地区最低（10.7%）。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><br></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">不同收入国家的不孕症患病率几乎相当，高收入国家为17.8%，低收入和中等收入国家为16.5%。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br><div style="text-align: center;"></div></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">对于想要孩子的育龄人群来说，不孕症带来了不小的痛苦。很多家庭为了治疗不孕症，承受很大的经济负担，还有许多人无法获得治疗。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">报告指出，尽管全球不孕症问题严重，但在预防、诊断和治疗方面，各国投入资金不足。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">和全球趋势一样，我国不孕症患病率也在增长。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">北京大学乔杰院士团队进行的一项全国生殖健康流行病学调查显示，2007年至2020年间，我国不孕症发病率已从12%升至18%，每年约有30万名试管婴儿诞生。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 14px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(20deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin: -2px 0% -12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 4px;height: 22px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 14px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(20deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin: -2px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 4px;height: 22px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;background-color: rgba(71, 193, 168, 0.07);margin-top: 3px;margin-left: -20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 20px;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);padding-right: 22px;padding-left: 22px;line-height: 2;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">为何不孕症患病率如此高？</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">北京协和医院泌尿外科主任医师李宏军表示，不孕症患病率的增加，首要原因是人与自然相处不和谐，包括环境污染、气候变暖等各方面影响。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 23px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;width: 656.688px;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(71, 193, 168) 6px 6px 0px 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 17px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;">▶2021年，《自然评论·内分泌学》杂志上的一项分析称，燃烧化石燃料造成的污染，可能在全球精子数量下降中发挥重要作用。</span><br></section><p><br></p><p>▶2022年，《人类生殖更新》期刊发表的一篇论文指出，1973年至2018年间，全球男性平均精子数量下降了62%。</p></section></section></section></section><section style="outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-bottom: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">其次，是生育观念和生活方式的转变。由于生活节奏加快、生活压力增加，部分育龄人群生育意愿下降，生育年龄推迟，加剧了不孕症的高发。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">另外，吸烟、过度饮酒、久坐等不健康生活方式，也与生育力降低有关。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 14px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(20deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin: -2px 0% -12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 4px;height: 22px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 14px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(20deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin: -2px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 4px;height: 22px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;background-color: rgba(71, 193, 168, 0.07);margin-top: 3px;margin-left: -20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 20px;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);padding-right: 22px;padding-left: 22px;line-height: 2;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">10个建议护好生育力</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">希望为人父母却难以实现，是目前很多夫妻面临的生育困境。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">孕育下一代需要夫妇双方健康的身体，国家卫生健康委发布的《不孕不育防治健康教育核心信息》，提出10个建议。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br><div style="text-align: center;"></div></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;border-right: 0px solid rgb(250, 213, 132);border-top-right-radius: 0px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 4px;border-radius: 137px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(250, 213, 132);overflow: hidden;padding: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">关注青春期生殖健康</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">青春期生殖器官和第二性征逐渐发育成熟，青少年的生理、心理都经历着巨大转变。如果不能正确认识各种变化并学会保护自己，就有可能影响到未来的生殖健康。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">比如，过早进行性生活可能损害生殖系统，缺乏保护的性行为则会增加生殖道感染、性传播性疾病以及意外怀孕的风险。因此，要加强青春期性教育。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;border-right: 0px solid rgb(250, 213, 132);border-top-right-radius: 0px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 4px;border-radius: 137px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(250, 213, 132);overflow: hidden;padding: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">适龄婚育</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">超过一定年龄后，身体机能会随着年龄增长而下降，生育能力也不例外。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">一般认为，男性40岁后生育能力开始下降，精子质量变差，进而影响生育；女性的生育力在35岁以后下降速度增快，卵巢内可用的卵泡减少，卵细胞的质量变差，怀孕就会越来越难。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;border-right: 0px solid rgb(250, 213, 132);border-top-right-radius: 0px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 4px;border-radius: 137px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(250, 213, 132);overflow: hidden;padding: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">科学备孕</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">准备结婚或计划怀孕的男女双方，应主动到医疗机构接受婚检、孕前优生健康检查、生育咨询指导等服务。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">科学备孕主要包括避免服用风险药物、戒烟限酒、锻炼身体、保持适当的性生活频次、选择排卵期同房等。女性若月经期不规律，还可以通过医学方法监测排卵。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;"><br><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;border-right: 0px solid rgb(250, 213, 132);border-top-right-radius: 0px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 4px;border-radius: 137px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(250, 213, 132);overflow: hidden;padding: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">戒烟限酒</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">精子和卵子的生成、受精卵的形成以及胚胎发育，都可能受到不健康生活方式的影响，其中烟酒影响较大。建议计划怀孕的夫妻双方戒烟限酒至少3个月，避免接触二手烟。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">肥胖和过度消瘦也对生育能力有影响，应保持合理膳食、适量运动、规律作息。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;border-right: 0px solid rgb(250, 213, 132);border-top-right-radius: 0px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 4px;border-radius: 137px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(250, 213, 132);overflow: hidden;padding: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">5</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">避免接触有害物质</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">接触铅、汞、苯、农药和放射线等有毒有害物质，可能导致不孕不育、胎停育或流产。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">此外，研究显示，睾丸适宜的温度是35℃左右，略低于人体正常的37℃。如果长期处于高温环境、蒸桑拿和泡热水澡，以致睾丸温度升高，就可能影响生精功能，导致精子质量下降。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;border-right: 0px solid rgb(250, 213, 132);border-top-right-radius: 0px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 4px;border-radius: 137px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(250, 213, 132);overflow: hidden;padding: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">6</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">保持心情舒畅</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">长期焦虑、抑郁，或紧张、恐惧等不良情绪，可能会影响女性激素分泌，进而抑制卵巢的正常排卵，导致不孕。反之，计划怀孕的夫妻若能保持心情舒畅，纾解精神压力，对怀孕就有积极作用。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">临床发现，一些怀不上孩子又查不出确切原因的夫妻，在决定做试管后，由于放松了心情，反而实现了自然受孕。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;"><br><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;border-right: 0px solid rgb(250, 213, 132);border-top-right-radius: 0px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 4px;border-radius: 137px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(250, 213, 132);overflow: hidden;padding: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">7</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">避免意外妊娠<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">无计划怀孕的夫妻，应当做好科学避孕，可采用工具避孕或口服避孕药。计划外怀孕不一定带来不良后果，但若不得不选择流产，则会对女性日后的生育功能造成损害。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">人工流产（包括药物流产）可引发输卵管不通、宫腔粘连、子宫内膜异位症等并发症，导致女性继发不孕；多次重复人工流产导致并发症及继发不孕的风险更高。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;border-right: 0px solid rgb(250, 213, 132);border-top-right-radius: 0px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 4px;border-radius: 137px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(250, 213, 132);overflow: hidden;padding: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">8</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">注意生育力保护</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">有些疾病或治疗方式，已被证明会对生育能力造成毁灭性打击。比如，部分恶性肿瘤的手术、化疗、放疗，以及某些自身免疫性疾病的治疗。随着科技进步，这些患者已经有了更多选择，以实现生育力的保护和保存。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;border-right: 0px solid rgb(250, 213, 132);border-top-right-radius: 0px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 4px;border-radius: 137px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(250, 213, 132);overflow: hidden;padding: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">9</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">共同接受正规治疗</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">不孕不育的病因复杂，如果怀疑自己不孕，夫妻双方要到正规医疗机构积极就医，在专业医生指导下接受治疗，否则可能带来许多潜在风险。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;border-right: 0px solid rgb(250, 213, 132);border-top-right-radius: 0px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 4px;border-radius: 137px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(250, 213, 132);overflow: hidden;padding: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);background-color: rgb(71, 193, 168);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">10</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">禁止买卖卵子及代孕</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">辅助生殖技术能够给很多不孕不育夫妻带来新希望，但这些技术必须在国家法规许可的范围内，由具有资质的正规医疗机构实施。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">任何形式的买卖精子、卵子以及代孕等，都属于侵害伦理道德和社会秩序的行为，必须严格禁止。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0.544px;"><br></span></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0.544px;">愿每一个生命，都能在爱和期待中健康、平安地到来。▲</span></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="display: none;margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="display: none;margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="display: none;margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="display: none;margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><section style="display: none;margin-bottom: 0px;"><br></section></section><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p> {:11_1152:} {:11_1144:} 不怀孕也有压力 还有这种说法 还有这种说法 有这种说法的 还有这种讲法 好多不孕不育 怪不得好多人没有生 谢谢楼主分享 生育率下降了 {:11_1143:}
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